Missing Computer icon in Windows 7
Missing Recycle Bin icon in Windows 7

If you can’t find your Computer, Recycle Bin, or any other icon on your Windows 7 desktop try the following:
Right click on your Desktop and select Personalize, click the Change desktop icons link, then tick the checkbox of your missing icon.

If this doesn’t fix your problem or if the icon checkbox is grayed out, then in order to restore your missing desktop icons, you can try the following:
Click the Start button and in the search box type gpedit.msc and press the Enter key on your keyboard.

The Local Group Policy editor window comes up: under User Configuration expand Administrative Templates and click Desktop. Now in the right pane of the Window click on the respective icon settings. If your Computer icon is missing, then click on the Remove Computer Icon on the desktop, then click the edit policy settings link.

Here you can make the necessary changes.